Understanding air pollution

Pollution is responsible for 8 million deaths annually and costs the global economy $8 trillion.

It is a public health emergency that causes serious health issues such as respiratory diseases, heart conditions, and reduced athletic performance. Pollutants like PM2.5 (fine particulate matter) and NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) harm nearly every organ in your body, shortening life expectancy.

In cities like London, Delhi, and Dhaka, air quality can drop to hazardous levels, making it crucial to understand your exposure and take action.

Why we need cleaner air

We all want to know our air is clean and healthy. Yet 99% of the world population breathes “unsafe air” and most people don’t even realise it. In cities like London, Delhi, and Dhaka, air quality can drop to toxic levels, making it crucial to understand your exposure and take action. By reducing air pollution, we can help millions live longer, healthier lives—while tackling climate change, creating fairer communities, and boosting our economies.

Why is it important?

Invisible particles in polluted air penetrate deep into our lungs, heart, blood, and brain. It causes respiratory diseases, heart conditions, and reduced athletic performance, and it shortens life expectancy.

Major pollutants

Particulate Matter (PM2.5): Tiny particles created by vehicles burning fuel and braking that worsen heart and lung disease, and can trigger heart attacks and strokes.

Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2): A toxic gas created when we burn fossil fuels in engines that causes shortness of breath, inflames the lungs, and weakens immunity—especially harmful for people with asthma

Icon of a heart

1.9 million deaths

from heart disease and nearly 1 million from strokes every year are caused by outdoor air pollution (World Heart Federation, 2024)

$8 trillion

a year is what air pollution costs to the global economy (ShareAction, 2025)

3 million

work days lost to illness could be recovered if air pollution is reduced to World Health Organization guidelines (Healthy Air Coalition, 2025)

8.1 million deaths

globally in 2021 due to air pollution and 15% of all global deaths in children under five (State of Global Air 2024)

Icon of an asthma inhaler

8% of adults

have asthma in the UK, that is an equivalent to approximately 7.2 million people (Asthma + Lung UK)

87% of schools

are in areas with toxic air in the UK (Health Equals, 2025)

Evidence linking air pollution to different areas

Agriculture

Sources
July 26, 2025

Alzheimers

Health
July 26, 2025

Asthma

Health
December 8, 2025

Athletes

Fitness
December 8, 2025

Autism

Health
July 26, 2025

Auto-immune

Health
July 26, 2025

COPD

Health
July 26, 2025

COVID-19

Health
July 26, 2025

Cancer

Health
January 26, 2026

Cardiovascular disease

Health
October 24, 2025

Children

Health
January 26, 2026

China

Location
July 26, 2025

Climate change

Natural World
July 26, 2025

Coal plants

Sources
July 26, 2025

Cognitive health

Health
July 26, 2025

Commuting and transport

Sources
January 26, 2026

Construction

Sources
July 26, 2025

Dementia

Health
December 8, 2025

Diabetes

Health
January 26, 2026

East Africa

Location
January 26, 2026

Eczema

Health
July 26, 2025

European Union

Location
January 26, 2026

Facts

General
July 26, 2025

Fireworks

Sources
July 26, 2025

Global legislation

Legislation
July 26, 2025

India

Location
December 8, 2025

Indoor pollution

Sources
January 26, 2026

Inequalities

Inequality
October 18, 2025

Insects

Natural World
July 26, 2025

Iran

Location
December 8, 2025

Liver health

Health
July 26, 2025

Lung cancer

Health
October 18, 2025

Lupus

Health
July 26, 2025

Mammals

Natural World
July 26, 2025

Mental health

Health
October 18, 2025

Microplastics

Health
July 26, 2025

Nanoplastics

Health
July 26, 2025

North America

Location
July 26, 2025

Olympics

Fitness
July 26, 2025

Ozone (O3)

Sources
July 26, 2025

Pregnancy

Health
January 26, 2026

Productivity at work

General
July 26, 2025

Skin conditions

Health
July 26, 2025

Solutions

General
October 18, 2025

Sources overview

Sources
December 8, 2025

South Korea

Location
July 26, 2025

Sunlight

Natural World
July 26, 2025

UK legislation

Legislation
December 8, 2025

United Kingdom

Location
January 26, 2026

Waste incineration

Sources
July 26, 2025

Wood burning

Sources
January 26, 2026