General
Last updated
October 1, 2026

Australia

Air pollution in Australia is shaped by factors including bushfires, urban traffic, industrial emissions, and dust storms, all of which can significantly affect public health and the environment. Research links exposure to poor air quality with increased risks of respiratory and cardiovascular disease, particularly during major wildfire events and periods of high pollution.

General

Respiratory diseases account for 9% of Australia’s total health burden but receive only 2% of national medical research funding (Abisheganaden et al., 2026).

  • Across 66 communities in Victoria, Australia, days with a higher combined weather and air pollution risk score were consistently associated with more deaths, hospital admissions and emergency department visits for all causes, cardiovascular disease and respiratory disease (Li et al., 2026).
  • In Victoria, Australia, high-risk weather and air pollution days occurred more often in socioeconomically disadvantaged communities, lower-income areas and communities with older populations (Li et al., 2026).